Narrow Range Candles

A candle’s range is the difference between its high and low price. A higher range indicates a strong trend or increased volatility during the session. Low range shows a lackluster price trend and a lack of momentum. Generally, this does not relate to candlestick patterns, but rather the range of candles is analyzed by participants ... Read more

Wide Range Candles

W4 W4 stands for Wide Range 4. A W4 pattern is qualified if the candle’s range is the highest in the last 4 sessions. The difference between the high and low of the current session is the highest in the last four sessions. It shows that the trend is strong and momentum is in favor. ... Read more

Back-testing of candlestick patterns

We have discussed various candlestick patterns. Many such patterns exist, and new patterns are continually being developed. People use it in different ways. There are many traders who perform subjective analysis, who observe patterns and make decisions based on their observations. Some traders use it in conjunction with other tools and indicators. Some traders create ... Read more

Bibliography

(In alphabetical order) Bulkowski, Thomas N. Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000. Carney, Scott M. Harmonic Trading, Volume One: Profiting from the Natural Order of the Financial Markets. FT Press; 1 ed., April 22, 2010.  Covel, Michael W. The Complete TurtleTrader. HarperCollins e-books (2009). Edwards, R. and Magee, ... Read more

More on Candles: Body – Shadow analysis

As discussed earlier, two very important properties of a candlestick charts are: Body and shadow. In fact, that’s a major difference between bar and candlestick chart.  The body and shadows are formed on the basis on the sequence of open, high, low and close price in the session. The candlestick patterns tell us what happened ... Read more

Candlestick charts: Introduction

Candlestick charts are probably one of the most popular and widely followed charting method. It is considered to be among the oldest Japanese charting method. The early form of candlestick chart patterns was explained by Homma Munehisa in his in book titled The Fountain of Gold – The Three Monkey Record of Money. This book ... Read more

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